{"id":1999,"date":"2026-03-02T01:37:52","date_gmt":"2026-03-02T01:37:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aluminum-curtain-wall.com\/?p=1999"},"modified":"2026-03-02T01:37:55","modified_gmt":"2026-03-02T01:37:55","slug":"fluorocarbon-vs-powder-coating-which-is-best-for-your-aluminum-facade","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aluminum-curtain-wall.com\/ar\/fluorocarbon-vs-powder-coating-which-is-best-for-your-aluminum-facade\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0629: \u0623\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/h1>
\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0628 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0629\u2014\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0643.<\/p><\/blockquote>
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\u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u2014 \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 20 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0641\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u061f \u0644\u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631.<\/p>
\u0623\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643\u061f<\/h2>
\u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0633\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/strong> \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u2014 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0635\u0645\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633.<\/p>
$\"\"$ <\/figure>
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0629<\/h3>
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\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u06291.1 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629
6063-T5: \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/li>
6061-T6: \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629<\/li><\/ul>1.2 \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629
\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 2.5 \u0645\u0645: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629<\/li>\n\n
3.0 \u0645\u0645+: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n\n
\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/li><\/ol>
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/th> \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646<\/th> \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642<\/th> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 ASTM<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645<\/td> 25\u201340 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/td> 60\u2013120 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/td> ASTM D7091<\/td><\/tr>
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/td> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 10\u201320 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/td> 5\u201310 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td> ASTM G154<\/td><\/tr>
\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d<\/td> \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 3,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/td> 1,000\u20132,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/td> ASTM B117<\/td><\/tr>
\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/td> 15\u201320 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/td> 5\u201310 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td> AAMA 2605<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a3.1 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u2192 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.3.2 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u2192 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/li><\/ol>
\u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0633\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b\u060c \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/p>
\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/h3>
\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a<\/strong> \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/strong> \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642.<\/p>
\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062e.<\/p>
\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/strong> \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a.<\/p>
\u2022 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639.<\/p>
\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645:<\/p>
1) \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642.<\/p>
2) \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong>.<\/p>
3) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629.<\/p>
\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629:<\/p>
\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u00a0\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639.<\/li>\n\n
\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n\n
\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f.<\/li><\/ul>
\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u00a0\u062d\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0633\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/strong>\u00a0<\/a>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>
\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642<\/h3>
\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong> \u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 1.1 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u2190 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 1.2 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u2190 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/li>\n\n
\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642
\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u00a0\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/li>\n\n
\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u00a0\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n\n
\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 3.1 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629. 3.2 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a.<\/li><\/ol>
\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u062d\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0633\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645.<\/p>
\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/h2>
\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0637\u0645\u0647. \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629.<\/p>
$\"\"$ <\/figure>
\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d: \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/h3>
\u0644\u0623\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a<\/strong> \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u063a\u0645\u0629.<\/p>
1) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/p>
\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646<\/li>\n\n
\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0636\u064a\u0642\u00a0\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646<\/strong>\u00a0\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a<\/li>\n\n
\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u063a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/li>\n\n
\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633<\/li>\n\n
\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0633\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646<\/strong>\u00a0\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n
\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633<\/strong>\u00a0\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0628\u0629<\/li><\/ul>
2) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/p>
\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f<\/li>\n\n
\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627<\/li>\n\n
\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631<\/li><\/ul>
3) \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/p>
\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n
\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629<\/li>\n\n
\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u00a0\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/li><\/ul>
\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629\u061f \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639. \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d.<\/p>
\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621: \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/h3>
\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/strong>.<\/p>
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/strong>\u00a0\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d<\/li>\n\n
\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u00a0\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646<\/li>\n\n
\u0645\u064f\u062b\u0628\u062a\u00a0\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/strong>\u00a0\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/li><\/ul>
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631<\/li>\n\n
\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a<\/li>\n\n
\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u00a0\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/strong>\u00a0\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 ASTM<\/li><\/ol>
\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 10 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c<\/p><\/blockquote>
\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/strong> \u0648\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631<\/strong> \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631.<\/p>
\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0629<\/h3>
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629. \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u2014\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0634\u062d\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628.<\/p>
\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642:<\/p>
1) \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/p>
\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f<\/li>\n\n
\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n\n
\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u00a0\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/strong>\u00a0\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639<\/li><\/ul>
2) \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/p>
\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639<\/li>\n\n
\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d<\/li>\n\n
\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/li><\/ul>
3) \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/p>
\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n\n
\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n\n
\u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u00a0\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/li><\/ul>
\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644. \u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644. \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 Wallnova \u062a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/p>
\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a ASTM<\/h3>
\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645.<\/p>
\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631:<\/p>
1) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639<\/p>
\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n\n
\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n\n
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2) \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a ASTM<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u062c<\/p>
\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d<\/li>\n\n
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\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0623) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642<\/li>\n\n
\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n
\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0628) \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n
\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0640 ISO\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n
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3) \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/p>
\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629\u00a0\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n\n
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\u0623\u0647\u0645 3 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/h2>
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$\"\"$ <\/figure>
\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0627: \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/h3>
\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0633\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0638 - \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>
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\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b<\/li>\n\n
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$\"\"$ <\/figure>
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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n\n
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\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n\n
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\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0634<\/strong>\u00a0\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/li>\n\n
\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/strong>\u00a0\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/li>\n\n
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\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u061f \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/strong>. \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629\u061f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0631<\/strong>. \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647.<\/p>
\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645: \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a<\/h3>
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\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f\u00a0\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641<\/strong>\u00a0\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628.<\/li>\n\n
\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u00a0\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644<\/strong>\u00a0\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u00a0\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646<\/strong>\u00a0\u0648\u00a0\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n
\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n\n
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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/h2>
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\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/strong> \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u060c \u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/p>
\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646<\/strong>
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\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n\n
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\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629<\/strong>, \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642<\/strong>, \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong>. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0632\u062e\u0631\u0641\u0629\u2014\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649.<\/p>
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